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Iparameter flow cytometry phenotype analysis can't be carried out in lots of PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20460822 hospitals and lack standardized procedure, the number of fusion genes known in 4CzIPN acute leukemia is limited and RTQ-PCR assays shows poverty in standardized cut-offs. Moreover, bone marrow aspiration is invasive and increases the patient's pain. Because most non-M3-AML patients lack specific fusion genes, so after every stage of chemotherapy, the response is PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13485127 mainly judged by whether the leukemia cells in the bone marrow are less than 5 . As bone marrow aspiration site is single, leukemia cells are not typical after multiple chemotherapy, bone marrow smears need long-term film-reading experience and skilled clinical hematological workers to read. Serum is easily accessible, can record different physiological or pathological conditions at any time and readily accepted by patients, therefore, it becomes one of the best sources for biomarkers researching. Serum peptide profile method is known as "The new health Methyl 3-amino-2,4-dichloro-5-fluorobenzoate fingerprint library" technology and has been accepted worldwide. It is through analysing and comparing differences in the expression of serum peptides between target population and normal healthy population, to find multiple different-expressed serum peptides, to map out disease-specific serum peptide spectrum, to diagnose disease, to clarify the possible pathogenesis and resistance mechanism, and to determine prognosis [5]. Proteomics technology has been applied to study hematological malignancies in some previous researches. The traditional two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)-based separation technology combined matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or Protein chip-surface enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) technology were mainly used to study cell lines and/or bone marrow cells. The aim of those researches was to find early diagnostic markers, to predict the prognosis of hematologic malignancies, to explore the molecular mechanisms of anticancer drugs and to develop molecular targeted drugsbased on theses biomarkers. Although the cultured cell lines have high purity and are easy to operate, but they are difficult to reflect the real situation of the disease. Due to the complex composition and high cell heterogeneity of bone marrow, researchers analyzed serum samples of different hematologic malignancies in recent years using 2-DE combined with MALDI-TOF-MS or Protein chip-SELDI-TOF-MS, for instance, Albitar [6], Zou [7] and Mohamedali [8] had established the diagnostic model of leukemia with high sensitivity and specificity, and further identified the leukemia-related markers, such as Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor autoantibodies, alpha enolase, aldolase enzyme A and so on [9]. These markers play an important role in the early diagnosis, differential diagnosis and pathogenesis of acute leukemia. In order to facilitate peptide identification, we replaced solid chip with beads for sample purification and enrichment, and we employed MALDI-TOF MS technology for mass spectra acquisition, and highly sophisticated data mining algorithms for inspection and comparison of data sets as well as for the discovery of complex biomarker pattern models [10]. The ClinProt technology has lots of advantages, such as a large separation capacity [11], enriched samples easy to elute for further identification [12], simple and quick operation, high-throughput, software par.